It’s uncertain why teen girls are using nudification tools, but researchers have theories.
By Rebecca Ruiz on March 18, 2026
A recent study reveals that teen girls use nudification apps at the same rate as boys. These AI-powered tools can create sexualized images by modifying photos. This data surprised Dr. Chad M.S. Steel, a digital forensics expert from George Mason University, noting that historically, males engage more in online sexual activities. The findings were published in the journal PLOS One.
Steel’s January 2025 survey included 557 English-speaking teens between 13 to 17 years old. The results indicated that 55% had created sexualized images, and 54% had received such images. Over a third of the teens experienced non-consensual image creation or distribution.
Approximately one in six teen boys and girls used nudification tools frequently, often experimenting with sharing these images. Teen girls shared these pictures “once or twice” more often than boys.
Steel’s survey didn’t explore the reasons behind the use of these apps, but he speculates that the prevalence of similar tech could make such tools appealing amid social pressure and coercion.
Dr. Linda Charmaraman, a researcher at Wellesley College, highlighted that teens are still developing their identities and may feel pressured to produce specific content for social acceptance. Boys reported using AI for creating and distributing sexual images more frequently.
Steel hopes for further research among a larger, more representative group. Despite his study’s robust sample and quality checks, there is concern about potential bias toward tech-savvy individuals.
Key takeaways for parents:
1. Nudification is becoming common: Steel’s research indicates that these tools are widespread, with unknown effects.
2. Discussing nudification imagery: Parents should talk openly with teens about online risks rather than focusing solely on prevention.
3. Preventing illegal imagery: Teens often don’t realize the legal implications of creating explicit images with apps. A bystander approach to prevention is recommended.
4. The sextortion risk: Awareness about predators exploiting AI for child sexual abuse material is crucial. Parents are encouraged to guide teens in managing their digital privacy.
For victims of image-based abuse, the Cyber Civil Rights Initiative offers support at 844-878-2274. More information and resources are available on their website.