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“Rocket Report: New Glenn Showcases Abilities; ULA Tackles Fairing Issues”

**Rocket Report: Blue Origin’s New Glenn Advances to Launch Site and Worldwide Space Industry News**

The space sector is rapidly transforming, showcasing significant advancements worldwide. This week’s Rocket Report showcases pivotal moments, including Blue Origin’s New Glenn rocket arriving at its launch site, the European Space Agency’s (ESA) efforts in reusable rocket technology, and burgeoning startups set to innovate the space industry. Let’s explore the latest news.

### Blue Origin’s New Glenn Advances to Launch Complex 36

This week’s highlight is Blue Origin’s **New Glenn rocket** reaching its launch destination at Cape Canaveral in Florida. This signifies a crucial move toward its inaugural flight, anticipated as early as late 2024. The New Glenn is a heavy-lift rocket crafted to compete with SpaceX’s Falcon Heavy and Starship, further intensifying the commercial space competition in the U.S.

Before its first flight, the rocket must achieve two significant milestones: a **wet dress rehearsal** and a **hot-fire test**. The wet dress rehearsal will consist of fully fueling the rocket and assessing its ground systems, while the hot-fire test will activate its seven BE-4 engines for several seconds. Blue Origin founder Jeff Bezos is striving to meet a 2024 launch timeline, but as the deadline approaches, the company may have to postpone the launch to early 2025.

### ESA’s Initiative for Reusable Rocket Technology

The European Space Agency (ESA) has selected four companies—**Rocket Factory Augsburg, The Exploration Company, ArianeGroup, and Isar Aerospace**—to pioneer reusable rocket technology. This effort is part of two significant projects: **THRUST!** and **BEST!**.

– **THRUST!** is centered on enhancing European liquid propulsion systems, with Rocket Factory Augsburg and The Exploration Company taking the lead.
– **BEST!** aims to create reusable rocket first stages or boosters, with ArianeGroup and Isar Aerospace steering the initiative.

Although Europe is advancing in reusable rocket technology, it remains unclear if a European reusable rocket will achieve orbit and return to Earth before the decade concludes.

### UK Startup Astron Systems Pursues Reusability

In the UK, **Astron Systems**, a startup launched in 2021, is developing a fully reusable two-stage rocket capable of transporting 360 kilograms to low-Earth orbit. The company is part of the **TechStars Space Accelerator** and has garnered over $600,000 in funding from private investors, Innovate UK, and ESA.

Astron Systems is focusing on methane-liquid oxygen propulsion, with aspirations to conduct a test launch by late 2027. While the timeline is bold, the company is optimistic about its contribution to the burgeoning in-orbit economy, increasingly dependent on small satellite constellations.

### Avio Set to Manufacture Rocket Motors for the US Military

**Avio USA**, a branch of Italy’s Avio, is preparing to construct its first solid rocket motor manufacturing facility in the United States. The company is currently assessing potential sites and expects to finalize a location by mid-2025. This decision comes amid growing demand for solid rocket motors, particularly for tactical propulsion systems utilized by the US military.

Avio’s entry into the US market symbolizes the increasing need for solid rocket motors, especially as conflicts like the war in Ukraine escalate the demand for missile technology.

### ULA Probes Fairing Concerns on Atlas V

**United Launch Alliance (ULA)** is continuing its inquiry into issues with the payload fairing on its **Atlas V** rocket, over a year after debris was observed falling from the fairing during a launch in September 2023. The company has implemented corrective measures and additional inspections to mitigate the issue, but the investigation remains active.

The debris poses a possible threat to delicate spacecraft components, and ULA is collaborating closely with its customers and suppliers to safeguard future launches.

### China Launches Shenzhou 19 Crew to Tiangong Space Station

China is making substantial progress in its human spaceflight initiatives, launching the **Shenzhou 19** mission aboard a **Long March 2F** rocket. This mission has transported three astronauts to the **Tiangong space station**, where they will engage in six months of experiments and spacewalks.

This marks the 33rd mission under China’s human spaceflight program, encompassing both crewed and uncrewed test flights, space station module launches, and cargo resupply missions. China aims to keep Tiangong operational for a minimum of ten years, further establishing its status as a significant entity in space exploration.

### Firefly Aerospace’s New CEO Aims to Expand Operations

**Firefly Aerospace** has appointed a new CEO, **Jason Kim**, who is dedicated to scaling the company and launching its **Medium Launch Vehicle (MLV)** by 2026. Firefly’s

“Boeing mum on Starliner’s prospects almost two months post its comeback”

# Boeing’s Starliner: A Future in Uncertainty?

Boeing’s Starliner spacecraft, once celebrated as an essential component of NASA’s commercial crew initiative, finds itself at a pivotal moment. Following its momentous first human spaceflight earlier this year, the spacecraft touched down in the New Mexico desert, but not with its crew aboard. Astronauts Butch Wilmore and Suni Williams are still on the International Space Station (ISS), waiting for their ride back on SpaceX’s Crew Dragon. In spite of this accomplishment, Boeing has been remarkably reticent about the future of Starliner, prompting many to ask: What lies ahead for the spacecraft?

## An Empty Triumph

The Starliner’s re-entry to Earth signified a notable success for Boeing, yet it was also a tinge of sorrow. While the spacecraft accomplished its objective, the lack of Boeing representatives at the post-landing press conference raised eyebrows. Expected attendees like John Shannon, Boeing’s head of human spaceflight, and other top officials were nowhere to be found. Instead, Boeing released a concise statement from Mark Nappi, vice president and program manager of Boeing’s commercial crew initiative, announcing that the company plans to “analyze the data and chart the next course for the program.”

Since that moment, Boeing has continued to be tight-lipped, giving scant information about Starliner’s outlook. Inquiries for comments have gone unacknowledged, increasing speculation regarding the spacecraft’s future. This reticence coincides with Boeing grappling with severe financial difficulties, having already reported losses of $1.85 billion linked to the Starliner program.

## The Economic Burden

Boeing’s financial predicaments regarding Starliner are widely known. The company has been losing substantial amounts on the program, and its new CEO, Kelly Ortberg, has suggested that adjustments could be forthcoming. During a recent quarterly earnings conference, Ortberg indicated that Boeing is scrutinizing its various business segments, including Starliner, to assess what should be retained and what might be divested.

This review is taking place amid indications that Boeing may contemplate divesting some of its space ventures, including Starliner. The Wall Street Journal recently unveiled that Boeing is exploring the prospect of selling its space division, potentially encompassing the Starliner program. If Boeing can recapture some of its investments, it may be inclined to take the financial hit and depart from the commercial crew arena.

## NASA’s Involvement in Starliner’s Prospects

As Boeing struggles with its financial issues, NASA also holds a stake in Starliner’s future. The agency has long championed the necessity of having two crew transport systems to the ISS, with SpaceX’s Crew Dragon as the primary option. Nonetheless, NASA may find it necessary to intervene to assist Boeing in alleviating some costs associated with certifying Starliner for operational crew missions.

One possible approach is for NASA to compensate Boeing for conducting a cargo mission to the ISS. This could permit Boeing to test repairs to its propulsion system and resolve problems linked to its helium pressurization system. A successful uncrewed cargo flight could facilitate Starliner’s certification for crewed missions. Indeed, NASA has already solicited its space station program for potential timeframes when the ISS could accommodate a cargo-only Starliner mission in the next 18 months, eyeing possible opportunities in June 2026, January 2026, and March 2026.

However, there’s a caveat: NASA doesn’t inherently require additional cargo services. Sierra Space’s Dream Chaser vehicle is anticipated to commence cargo operations to the ISS within the following year, possibly diminishing the demand for Starliner in this capacity.

## Does NASA Require Starliner?

The question of whether NASA genuinely requires Starliner is intricate. On one side, NASA has repeatedly voiced support for Boeing and the Starliner program. Maintaining a second crew transport option provides redundancy and fosters competition, which can be advantageous for NASA’s long-term objectives. Furthermore, NASA is looking towards the 2030s, planning to support one or more private space stations in low-Earth orbit. In this scenario, having various providers, including Boeing, could prove beneficial.

Conversely, the timeline for Starliner is becoming increasingly stretched. The spacecraft is not expected to undertake its next human mission before 2026, thus limiting its operational lifespan as the ISS approaches retirement. This situation raises doubts about the value of investment in Starliner, especially given that SpaceX’s Crew Dragon has established itself as a reliable and cost-efficient alternative.

## The Path Ahead

Currently, Boeing is adhering to a standard post-flight protocol, which consists of joint sessions with NASA to assess the mission and deliberate on possible rectifications. While this procedure is customary, it fails to offer much insight into Starliner’s long-term trajectory. Much will hinge on Boeing’s internal assessment and NASA’s decision regarding ongoing support for the program.

In the interim, Boeing’s reticence is quite telling. The company stands undeniably at a critical juncture, and the choices made in the upcoming months will dictate whether Starliner continues to play a role in NASA’s plans.

“Advancements Unfold for Europe’s Sovereign Satellite Internet Constellation”

### Europe’s Audacious Move Towards Independent Satellite Internet: The IRIS² Initiative

In a pivotal action to claim its technological autonomy, the European Commission has recently revealed plans to finalize a contract with prominent European space firms for the creation of a 290-satellite broadband internet network. This visionary endeavor, termed **IRIS²** (Infrastructure for Resilience, Interconnectivity, and Security by Satellite), is projected to exceed **€10 billion** (around **$10.9 billion**) and aspires to lessen Europe’s dependency on external satellite services such as **SpaceX’s Starlink** and **OneWeb**.

### The Pursuit of Independence

The European Union (EU) has consistently expressed alarm over its reliance on non-European satellite systems for essential communications infrastructure. Presently, Europe’s chief options for low-latency, high-speed satellite internet are **Starlink**, an American service, and **OneWeb**, which, despite being owned by France’s **Eutelsat**, has significant connections to the United Kingdom—a nation that departed from the EU in 2020.

The IRIS² initiative was unveiled in 2022 as a direct reaction to these issues. The EU seeks to create a **sovereign satellite broadband constellation** to guarantee that Europe is not dependent on foreign infrastructures, particularly for vital strategic and military communications. The initiative is also intended to deliver secure global connectivity for the military forces of EU member states while catering to commercial clients as well.

### The Team Behind IRIS²

The IRIS² contract will be granted to the **SpaceRISE consortium**, composed of European satellite operators including **SES**, **Eutelsat**, and **Hispasat**. The European Commission will oversee the program, with financing provided by both the **European Space Agency (ESA)** and the European private sector in a **public-private partnership**. European governments are anticipated to contribute about **60%** of the funding, with the remaining **40%** coming from the industry.

The consortium further encompasses major European aerospace and telecommunications firms such as **Airbus Defence and Space**, **Thales Alenia Space**, **OHB**, **Telespazio**, **Deutsche Telekom**, **Orange**, and **Thales SIX**. These entities, generally rivals in the satellite and telecom arenas, must collaborate effectively to ensure this expansive project’s success.

### Crucial Role of Satellite Broadband

Satellite broadband has emerged as an essential aspect of contemporary communications infrastructure, especially in remote or underserved regions where terrestrial internet options are scarce. The effectiveness of satellite networks has been highlighted in conflict areas, exemplified by the ongoing war in Ukraine, where **Starlink** has been utilized to deliver internet access on the front lines.

For Europe, establishing its own satellite broadband network transcends mere commercial interests and speaks to **strategic independence**. The capacity to manage its own communications infrastructure is regarded as critical for **national security**, **military operations**, and **economic stability**.

### A Global Movement

Europe is not the sole territory pursuing independent satellite infrastructures. Earlier this year, the governments of **Canada** and **Quebec** consented to provide **$1.9 billion** in loans and warrants to **Telesat** to finance its **198-satellite Lightspeed constellation**. This will grant Canadian military personnel and private citizens access to their own domestic broadband capabilities.

Likewise, **China** and **Amazon** are advancing their respective satellite broadband megaconstellations, while **Russia** has also declared intentions to construct a satellite network, albeit its capabilities are allegedly constrained.

### Hurdles Ahead

While the IRIS² initiative represents a courageous stride toward European self-sufficiency, it encounters considerable obstacles. The projected cost of the initiative has surged from earlier estimates, with the current figure surpassing **€10 billion**, nearly double the initial projection. Additionally, the timeline for launching the network has been postponed, with services now expected to commence for European government clients by **2030**, three years later than originally scheduled.

The escalating expenses and delays have provoked debate within Europe. Earlier this year, **Robert Habeck**, Germany’s economy minister, labeled the proposed **€12 billion** investment in IRIS² as “exorbitant” and criticized the project as “ill-conceived.” Nevertheless, the European Commission has progressed with the contract awarding, indicating its dedication to the initiative.

### A Long-Term Commitment

The IRIS² scheme will be financed through the conclusion of **2027**, aligning with the European Commission’s seven-year budget framework. However, it is highly likely that supplementary government funding will be necessary beyond this timeframe to finalize the undertaking. The European Commission has indicated that future funding will depend on the “availability of the corresponding appropriations.”

The contract, anticipated to be finalized in **December 2024**, will encompass the development, deployment, and management of at least **290 satellites**. These satellites will be placed.

Colorado Moves Swiftly to Revise Voting System Passwords After Unintentional Disclosure

# Colorado Election Security Incident: Password Leak and Response

In a recent occurrence, the Colorado Department of State disclosed that it had unintentionally published a spreadsheet with “partial passwords” for voting systems on its website. While the department stressed that there is no “immediate security risk,” it has been actively working to update all compromised passwords by the end of the day. The event has raised both alarm and political debate, with Republicans criticizing the state’s management of election security and demanding accountability.

## The Incident: What Transpired?

The Colorado Department of State announced that a spreadsheet containing partial passwords for voting systems was accidentally made available on its website. These passwords, which are integral to the security measures for voting equipment, were reportedly online for more than two months before being taken down last week. The spreadsheet featured BIOS passwords for voting system components across 63 of the state’s 64 counties.

A **government statement** released on Tuesday clarified that the passwords by themselves do not present an immediate security threat. Each part of the voting system necessitates two distinct passwords, which are stored separately and controlled by different entities. Furthermore, physical access to the voting systems is necessary to utilize the passwords, and Colorado law enforces stringent security measures for the storage and access of voting equipment.

### Security Safeguards in Effect

Secretary of State Jena Griswold reassured the public that Colorado’s election systems are secure. In an interview with **Colorado Public Radio**, Griswold articulated that the partial passwords alone are inadequate to compromise the voting systems. “Two unique passwords are needed for every piece of election equipment. Physical access is required,” she stated. Additionally, voting equipment is housed in secure rooms with limited access, necessitating secure ID badges and round-the-clock video monitoring.

Griswold’s office became aware of the spreadsheet’s upload at the end of last week and promptly reached out to federal partners to initiate an investigation. The department has since been making efforts to reset passwords and assess access logs for affected counties.

## Response and Remediation

In light of the incident, the **Polis administration** has allocated further resources to speed up the password updates and safeguard the voting systems. A joint communication from Governor Jared Polis and Secretary Griswold indicated that the objective is to finalize all password modifications by the end of the day. The update also noted that state employees with cybersecurity knowledge, who have gone through background checks and training, will assist in the password resetting process.

These employees will enter secure areas in pairs and will be monitored by local election officials to ensure transparency and security throughout the procedure. The state is likewise reviewing access logs to confirm that no unauthorized interference took place.

Griswold referred to the incident as an unintentional mistake caused by a civil servant who is no longer with the department. She expressed appreciation for the governor’s support in swiftly resolving the issue and highlighted that there is no indication of malicious intent behind the spreadsheet’s release. Nonetheless, an external investigation will be carried out to ascertain how the error transpired.

## Political Backlash

The incident has ignited considerable political uproar, particularly from the **Colorado Republican Party**. The GOP reproached Griswold for minimizing the security threat and accused her office of being negligent. An affidavit from a third party claimed that the BIOS passwords were accessed multiple times between August and October, raising alarms about the potential for system manipulation.

The state GOP asserted that BIOS passwords are highly sensitive and could enable knowledgeable users to manipulate voting systems undetected. They also highlighted that the passwords were neither encrypted nor otherwise safeguarded, heightening the security risk.

State GOP Chairman Dave Williams labeled the occurrence as “significant incompetence and negligence” and questioned the state’s overarching password management and security measures. He also raised concerns regarding the integrity of Colorado’s election outcomes, especially with the upcoming presidential election.

### Calls for Resignation

The political fallout escalated when **US Rep. Lauren Boebert (R-Colo.)** and other Republicans demanded Griswold’s resignation. Boebert, a prominent critic of Griswold, contended that the incident eroded public confidence in the state’s election systems.

Griswold, however, has maintained her position, affirming that she will continue to fulfill her duties. In response to the calls for her resignation, she noted that many of her critics have previously propagated conspiracy theories regarding election integrity. “I have dealt with conspiracy theories from elected Republicans in this state, and I have not been deterred by any of their attempts,” she told Colorado Public Radio. “I’m going to continue to do my job.”

## Historical Context: Previous Breaches

This is not the first instance of Colorado’s election systems being embroiled in controversy. Earlier this year, former Mesa County Clerk **Tina Peters** was sentenced to nine years in prison for orchestrating a breach of the voting system. Peters, an advocate of former President Donald Trump’s election conspiracy theories, leaked BIOS passwords in a bid to substantiate claims of election fraud. The GOP has pointed to testimonies from the Peters case in its critique of Griswold.

“Perplexity and Anthropic’s Claude Team Up with ChatGPT Through New Desktop Applications”

# The Expanding Realm of AI-Enhanced Mac Applications: ChatGPT, Perplexity, and Claude

In recent times, the realm of AI-enhanced Mac applications has experienced a surge of movement, with prominent entities such as OpenAI, Anthropic, and Perplexity unveiling or upgrading their desktop applications. These advancements are transforming how users engage with artificial intelligence on their computers, providing a variety of features ranging from sophisticated voice functionalities to AI-powered search options.

## OpenAI’s ChatGPT App: An Impressive Beginning

OpenAI garnered attention with the launch of its **ChatGPT Mac app**, delivering the capabilities of its popular chatbot directly to desktop users. The application enables users to converse with ChatGPT, pose inquiries, and even utilize a **keyboard shortcut** to swiftly submit questions from any location on their desktop. This smooth integration into the Mac environment has made it a preferred choice among users who depend on AI for tasks ranging from simple inquiries to intricate problem-solving.

A standout aspect of the updated ChatGPT app is its **advanced voice capabilities**, permitting users to engage with the AI using conversational speech. This feature is especially beneficial for individuals who favor a hands-free experience or need to juggle tasks while communicating with the chatbot.

Nevertheless, OpenAI is aiming higher. The organization recently introduced **SearchGPT**, a search-oriented variant of ChatGPT tailored to rival AI-centric search platforms like Perplexity. Although SearchGPT is not yet accessible within the desktop app, its launch indicates OpenAI’s intent to broaden its portfolio and confront competitors in the search domain.

## Perplexity’s AI-Driven Search: An Emerging Contender

Perplexity, a search service powered by AI, has also carved its niche with the launch of its **native Mac app**. While Perplexity was originally not perceived as a formidable rival to ChatGPT, its emphasis on search has positioned it as a significant player in the AI arena. The application allows users to pose follow-up questions and engage in discussions about the information it provides, making it an effective instrument for those requiring more than just a basic search engine.

Similar to ChatGPT, the Perplexity app features a **keyboard shortcut** that enables users to rapidly input queries from anywhere on their desktop. This functionality enhances user convenience, facilitating a more cohesive and smooth interaction with the AI.

The app is available for free download and use, but Perplexity provides **subscriptions** for frequent users seeking more advanced features or higher usage thresholds. This freemium approach mirrors what is seen with other AI services, including OpenAI’s ChatGPT and Anthropic’s Claude.

## Anthropic’s Claude: A Notable Contender to ChatGPT

Anthropic, another influential entity in the AI sector, has unveiled its **Claude desktop app** for both Mac and Windows users. Claude is a chatbot akin to ChatGPT but emphasizes different strengths, particularly in domains like **software development**. This positions it as a more direct competitor to OpenAI’s offering, especially for users requiring AI assistance in technical domains.

The Claude app is presently in **beta**, and like its rivals, is free to download. However, Anthropic also imposes charges for advanced users, providing a tiered pricing structure that meets the needs of both casual users and professionals seeking more comprehensive features.

A notable contrast between Anthropic and OpenAI lies in the **simultaneous launch** of both Mac and Windows applications. While OpenAI initially targeted Mac users before rolling out a Windows app, Anthropic adopted a more inclusive strategy, ensuring users across both platforms could access Claude from the outset.

## The Move Towards Native Desktop Applications

Until recently, most of these AI tools were predominantly accessible as **mobile apps** or **web apps**, with few options for native desktop applications. The recent influx of desktop app releases from OpenAI, Perplexity, and Anthropic marks a substantial shift in how these organizations are enhancing user engagement. By offering native applications, they are delivering a more integrated and streamlined experience for users who spend significant time on desktop systems.

Native applications frequently provide enhanced performance, additional features, and more profound integration with the operating system compared to web apps. For instance, the capability to utilize **keyboard shortcuts** for quick access to AI services is a feature that is challenging to replicate in a web-based setting. Furthermore, native applications can facilitate more sophisticated functionalities, such as **voice interaction**, which is a key component of the updated ChatGPT app.

## Conclusion: A Competitive and Dynamic Environment

The recent introductions of AI-enhanced Mac applications from OpenAI, Perplexity, and Anthropic underscore the intensifying rivalry in the AI field. Each organization is contributing something distinct to the landscape, whether it’s ChatGPT’s sophisticated voice attributes, Perplexity’s emphasis on search, or Claude’s expertise in software development.

As these tools progress, users can anticipate even greater features and enhancements, particularly as companies like OpenAI broaden their offerings with products.

RFK Jr. Claims Trump Proposed Leadership Positions at NIH, CDC, and Various Health Organizations

### Trump’s Transition Team Head Rejects Promises While Promoting Anti-Vaccine Theories

This past week, Robert F. Kennedy Jr. gained attention by asserting that Donald Trump had assured him he would oversee the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) if Trump secures victory in the 2024 presidential race. This assertion, made during a Zoom meeting with Kennedy’s supporters, caused concern due to Kennedy’s notorious history of advocating discredited anti-vaccine beliefs. The HHS manages vital public health organizations such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and the National Institutes of Health (NIH), among others. The idea of Kennedy, a fervent anti-vaccine proponent, chairing these entities has elicited widespread apprehension.

Nonetheless, Howard Lutnick, a co-chair of Trump’s transition team, quickly took to CNN to assert that Kennedy would not be placed in charge of HHS. Yet, in the same statement, Lutnick reiterated many of Kennedy’s anti-vaccine points, reinforcing the view that anti-vaccine sentiments are becoming increasingly woven into Republican political discourse.

### Trump as Kennedy’s Path to Influence

Robert F. Kennedy Jr. has long been a polarizing figure in public health realms, largely due to his dissemination of misinformation about vaccines. His assertions include the thoroughly discredited idea that vaccines are correlated with autism and a general distrust in vaccine safety. Kennedy has also propagated conspiracy theories claiming that federal regulators collaborate with pharmaceutical firms to conceal the “truth” about vaccines.

Despite being consistently disproven by scientific investigations, these assertions have had tangible repercussions. For instance, in 2019, an anti-vaccine campaigner in Samoa, with backing from Kennedy, contributed to a measles outbreak that resulted in over 80 fatalities and temporarily destabilized the Samoan government.

Kennedy’s pursuit of control over federal health entities is not a recent development. He has long aimed to gain access to the agencies that govern vaccines, convinced they are suppressing information that would support his views. In fact, his connection with Trump dates back to 2017 when he claimed that Trump intended to appoint him to head a “vaccine safety commission.” While that appointment never came to pass, it underscored Kennedy’s belief that Trump could provide him a channel to influence public health strategies.

### The Present Scenario: A New Assurance?

Fast forward to 2024, and Kennedy is reiterating claims concerning Trump’s commitments. During a Zoom call this week, Kennedy informed his supporters that Trump had proffered him oversight of several significant federal health agencies, including HHS, the CDC, the FDA, and the NIH. Kennedy also brought up the Department of Agriculture (USDA), expressing his intent to reform food safety guidelines and endorse “regenerative agriculture.”

However, the term “oversight” remains unclear. HHS and the USDA are distinct cabinet-level departments, each led by its own head. Even if Kennedy were to assume a role within any of these agencies, it is improbable he would possess sole command over both. Still, the prospect of Kennedy being designated as some variant of “health czar” lingers, particularly considering Trump’s history of creating informal positions for prominent figures, such as his rumored interest in appointing Elon Musk to a governmental post.

### Lutnick’s CNN Appearance: A Conflicted Message

While Lutnick’s CNN appearance aimed to clarify the matter, it did little to alleviate worries. When confronted about Kennedy’s claims, Lutnick outright rejected the notion that Kennedy would head HHS. However, he simultaneously implied that Kennedy might still have a role in a potential Trump administration, keeping the possibility open for some engagement in public health decision-making.

More concerning, however, was Lutnick’s own adoption of anti-vaccine rhetoric during the discussion. He reiterated several of Kennedy’s discredited assertions, including the erroneous claim that vaccines are linked to autism. Lutnick also suggested that the government is concealing safety information on vaccines, a statement that has been thoroughly debunked. When CNN reporter Kaitlan Collins noted that numerous studies affirm vaccine safety, Lutnick countered, questioning the credibility of those findings and insinuating that scientists are being financially incentivized to undermine Kennedy.

### The Escalating Impact of Anti-Vaccine Rhetoric in Republican Politics

Lutnick’s remarks reflect a larger trend within the Republican Party, where anti-vaccine sentiment has gained substantial momentum in recent years. Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, skepticism toward vaccines emerged as a rallying call for many Republicans, with some local and state administrations even implementing measures that compromised public health initiatives. For example, Florida’s Surgeon General, Joseph Ladapo, has openly expressed doubts about vaccines and has opposed mask mandates, signaling the rising sway of anti-vaccine activism within the party.

This pattern is expected to persist, even if Kennedy doesn’t ultimately acquire an official position in a future Trump administration.

“Idaho Health District Suspends COVID-19 Vaccination Initiative Because of Increase in Anti-Vaccine Disinformation”

### Anti-Vaccine Sentiment Halts COVID-19 Vaccinations in Idaho Health District

In a contentious move, the Southwest District Health Board in Idaho has decided to cease the administration of COVID-19 vaccines at public health clinics. The decision, which narrowly passed with a vote of 4–3, followed a hearing overflowing with false information and conspiracy theories regarding the vaccines. This action underscores the escalating sway of anti-vaccine attitudes in the U.S., which has already resulted in falling vaccination rates and heightened threats of avoidable disease outbreaks.

#### The Decision and Its Impact

The Southwest District Health caters to over 300,000 individuals across five counties, providing affordable healthcare services, including vaccinations, on a sliding scale. The district has functioned as a “safety-net provider,” especially for individuals lacking insurance, by offering low-cost COVID-19 vaccines. Despite these advantages, the board’s ruling means residents will now need to depend on private healthcare providers and pharmacies for their COVID-19 vaccinations.

Dr. Perry Jansen, the district’s medical director, was the sole individual during the hearing who pushed for the continuation of COVID-19 vaccinations at public health clinics. He asserted that the vaccines are both safe and effective, as corroborated by major health authorities such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Jansen also mentioned that the district’s clinics do not utilize taxpayer money to acquire or administer the vaccines, as patients either pay via insurance or out-of-pocket.

Nevertheless, these facts were eclipsed by the loud opposition fueled by misinformation and conspiracy theories. The hearing included presentations from several notable anti-vaccine advocates, including Ryan Cole, Peter McCullough, and James Thorp, all of whom have been largely discredited by the medical community for disseminating false narratives about COVID-19 vaccines.

#### The Spread of Dangerous Misinformation

The hearing was characterized by an outpouring of anti-vaccine rhetoric, as numerous speakers falsely asserted that COVID-19 vaccines pose dangers. Ryan Cole, a pathologist whose medical license faced restrictions in Washington state for spreading COVID-19 disinformation, falsely stated that mRNA vaccines lead to cancer and autoimmune disorders. Peter McCullough, a cardiologist from Texas, propagated conspiracy theories suggesting that the pandemic was orchestrated and that medical authorities were withholding treatments like ivermectin and hydroxychloroquine, despite significant evidence refuting such claims.

James Thorp, a gynecologist from Florida, incorrectly claimed that COVID-19 vaccines are perilous for pregnant women, a statement that has been disproven by various studies. Another participant, Renata Moon, a pediatrician from Washington who gave up her medical license after spreading COVID-19 misinformation, also added to the anti-vaccine narrative.

The public commentary was equally disconcerting, with many echoing these erroneous assertions. Some participants labeled COVID-19 vaccines as “poison” or a “bioweapon,” while others called for a complete ban on vaccinations, extending beyond just COVID-19 shots. The rhetoric resonated with the positions of prominent anti-vaccine organizations like the Children’s Health Defense, headed by Robert F. Kennedy, Jr.

#### A Slippery Slope

Board member Jennifer Riebe, opposing the halt on COVID-19 vaccine offerings, voiced apprehensions about the larger ramifications of the vote. She cautioned that the board’s ruling could establish a perilous precedent for other vaccinations. “It may be COVID now, but perhaps we will encounter the same issues with the measles vaccine or shingles vaccine coverage,” Riebe remarked.

Board Chair Kelly Aberasturi, who also voted to maintain the availability of vaccines, contended that the matter should rest with individuals and their healthcare providers. He expressed annoyance that the board was overriding medical professionals who sometimes send patients to the district for COVID-19 vaccinations. “So now, you’re implying that I have the authority to contradict that doctor? Because I possess more knowledge than he does?” Aberasturi questioned.

#### Idaho’s Struggles with Vaccination Rates

The situation in Southwest Idaho mirrors a wider trend in the state, which has some of the lowest vaccination rates in the nation. As per the CDC, Idaho’s rates for essential immunizations among kindergarteners, such as measles, mumps, and rubella, hover around 79 to 80 percent, significantly below the 95 percent benchmark necessary to avert widespread outbreaks of vaccine-preventable ailments. Idaho also holds the highest vaccination exemption rate in the U.S., with 14.3 percent of children exempt from vaccinations.

Even if Idaho succeeded in vaccinating all non-exempt children, it would still fall short of the 95 percent goal, achieving only 85.7 percent coverage. This leaves the state susceptible to outbreaks of diseases like measles, which can spread quickly in populations with inadequate vaccination coverage.

#### Conclusion

The choice made by the Southwest District Health Board to discontinue COVID-19 vaccinations serves as a stark reminder of the hazards posed by misinformation and anti-vaccine sentiments. While residents may still access vaccines through private providers, the removal

“Call of Duty: Black Ops 6 Accounts for 19% of Comcast’s Internet Traffic Over the Last Week”

# The Phenomenon of *Call of Duty: Black Ops 6* and Its Influence on the Gaming Sector

The *Call of Duty* series has consistently been a leading presence in the gaming realm, and the recent launch of *Call of Duty: Black Ops 6* this past Friday has reaffirmed its unmatched popularity. As the 21st entry in the franchise, *Black Ops 6* has broken records and created significant ripples throughout the gaming sector, influencing everything from Game Pass subscriptions to surges in internet traffic. What exactly is driving the considerable excitement around this new installment? Let’s explore the elements fueling its outstanding success.

## Record-Breaking Achievements: The Might of *Black Ops 6*

At first glance, one might think that after twenty years of yearly releases, the *Call of Duty* series would start to diminish in attractiveness. Nevertheless, the debut of *Black Ops 6* has debunked that assumption. Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella noted that the game achieved unprecedented records for Game Pass subscribers, particularly on launch day. This accomplishment is crucial, given that *Call of Duty* played a pivotal role in Microsoft’s takeover of Activision, the publisher behind the series.

This triumph extends beyond just Game Pass. The game has experienced robust sales growth across other platforms, including PlayStation and Steam. In a recent earnings call, Microsoft disclosed a 60 percent year-over-year rise in sales within the franchise, despite the game’s availability on Game Pass for PC and Xbox players. This suggests that *Black Ops 6* has not only attracted new gamers but has also maintained its devoted player base across various platforms.

## The File Size Challenge: A Bandwidth Headache

One of the more surprising ramifications of *Black Ops 6*’s launch is its effect on internet traffic. Comcast reported that the game accounted for an astonishing 19 percent of its total traffic during the week of its debut. This is partly attributable to the game’s immense popularity, but also due to its gigantic file size.

Installing *Black Ops 6* can require over 100GB of storage, varying by platform. However, if players opt to include additional modes from previous titles in the series, like the immensely popular battle royale mode *Warzone*, the file size can swell to as much as 300GB. For users with data limitations—such as Comcast’s 1.2TB monthly cap in numerous areas—this could quickly escalate into an issue, especially alongside other household internet activities.

The substantial file sizes of contemporary games like *Black Ops 6* are raising growing concerns for both gamers and internet service providers (ISPs). As games keep extending the frontiers of graphics, sound, and content, the need for storage and bandwidth is only projected to rise, which could lead to more widespread problems with data caps and download speeds.

## A Crucial Component of Microsoft’s Strategy

Microsoft’s acquisition of Activision was a tactical decision, heavily influenced by the tremendous worth of the *Call of Duty* franchise. The series has been a foundational element of the gaming sector for years, and its integration into Game Pass was regarded as a significant advantage for the subscription model. The success of *Black Ops 6* has affirmed this approach, as it has propelled Game Pass subscriptions to unprecedented levels.

Prior to the release of *Black Ops 6*, *Call of Duty* was a central element in Microsoft’s regulatory hurdles during its takeover of Activision. To satisfy regulators, Microsoft consented to various concessions, including commitments to provide *Call of Duty* on Sony and Nintendo platforms for a decade. In addition, Ubisoft was awarded cloud streaming rights to *Call of Duty* and other Activision titles for a period of 15 years. These decisions were crafted to ensure the franchise’s wide accessibility to a diverse audience, irrespective of platform.

## A Financial Powerhouse

The financial outcome of *Black Ops 6* has been remarkably impressive. A recent article from *The Washington Post* disclosed that the *Call of Duty* series has exceeded 500 million copies sold since the launch of *Black Ops 6*. This landmark achievement reinforces the series’ position as one of the most successful video game franchises in history.

Furthermore, Microsoft has experienced a significant uptick in gaming revenue following the release of *Black Ops 6*, despite a year-over-year decline in hardware sales. This underscores the increasing significance of software and subscription services within the gaming sector, as players begin to value access to games over ownership of physical equipment.

## The Future of *Call of Duty*

As *Call of Duty* continues to progress, it remains a powerful entity within the gaming landscape. With the triumph of *Black Ops 6*, the franchise has illustrated that it can still capture the interest of millions of gamers globally, even after over twenty years of annual releases.

Looking forward, the prospects for *Call of

20 Horror Comedies You Can’t Miss This Halloween

# An Overview of Horror-Comedy Films: Equal Parts Laughter and Fright

Halloween has arrived, signaling the time for costumes, treats, and cozying up for an extended evening of frightful cinema. For those who seek a dash of humor alongside their spine-chilling thrills, horror-comedy films deliver an ideal mix of laughs and scares. But what truly defines a horror-comedy? Is it a combination of traditional monster flicks mixed with physical humor? Or maybe a movie that leans heavily into horror while interspersing sharp wit? The answer is: all of the above.

Horror-comedy is a flexible genre that can vary from astute satire to outright parody, frequently lampooning familiar horror clichés while still presenting authentic frights. Below is a curated selection of the finest horror-comedy films, ranging from timeless classics to contemporary cult hits. Whether you’re in the mood for self-referential humor, comedic gore, or clever satire, these films are bound to fulfill your Halloween desires.

## 1. **Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein (1948)**
This iconic film showcases the comedic pair Bud Abbott and Lou Costello as they interact with legendary Universal monsters such as Dracula, Frankenstein’s Monster, and the Wolf Man. The movie masterfully fuses horror and comedy, featuring Bela Lugosi reprising his Dracula role and Lon Chaney Jr. as the Wolf Man. It stands as a classic illustration of how horror and comedy can harmonize, and it continues to be a cherished entry in both genres.

## 2. **Theater of Blood (1973)**
Vincent Price stars as a Shakespearean thespian who takes revenge on critics by murdering them using methods inspired by Shakespeare’s works. The film is delightfully campy, extravagant, and laden with dark humor, making it essential viewing for aficionados of both horror and classic literature.

## 3. **Young Frankenstein (1974)**
Mel Brooks’ *Young Frankenstein* serves as a heartfelt spoof of the classic Universal monster films. Gene Wilder plays Dr. Frederick Frankenstein, who is intent on distancing himself from his notorious grandfather. The movie brims with slapstick comedy, smart wordplay, and memorable sequences, including the iconic “Puttin’ on the Ritz” musical scene.

## 4. **An American Werewolf in London (1981)**
John Landis’ *An American Werewolf in London* excels in striking a perfect balance between horror and humor. The film chronicles the adventures of two American tourists in England who fall victim to a werewolf, leading to a cascade of chilling and darkly hilarious events. The groundbreaking transformation scene is legendary, and the film’s amalgamation of gore and humor has elevated it to cult status.

## 5. **Little Shop of Horrors (1986)**
This musical horror-comedy follows Seymour, a florist who discovers a carnivorous plant. The film is packed with catchy tunes, dark comedy, and a standout portrayal by Steve Martin as a ruthless dentist. The original ending, in which the plant conquers the world, was changed for a more cheerful conclusion, but it remains a beloved favorite among fans.

## 6. **Evil Dead II (1987)**
Sam Raimi’s *Evil Dead II* offers a spectacular fusion of horror and slapstick humor. Bruce Campbell’s Ash Williams goes head-to-head with Deadites in a secluded cabin, resulting in some of the most memorable moments in horror-comedy history. The film’s charming low-budget aesthetic, combined with its exaggerated gore and comedy, has made it a cherished piece of the genre.

## 7. **Tremors (1990)**
This creature feature stands as an homage to 1950s B-movies, featuring colossal underground beasts called Graboids that menace a small desert community. *Tremors* perfectly blends suspense, humor, and creative monster design, making it a significant must-watch for enthusiasts of both horror and comedy.

## 8. **Scream (1996)**
Wes Craven’s *Scream* is a self-aware horror film that dissects the slasher genre while delivering authentic chills. With its self-referential humor, paired with the iconic Ghostface killer, the film revitalized the horror landscape in the 1990s. *Scream* gave rise to several sequels and remains a pivotal influence in horror cinema.

## 9. **Shaun of the Dead (2004)**
Edgar Wright’s *Shaun of the Dead* is a British zombie-comedy that follows Shaun, a slacker who must step up during a zombie outbreak. The film is rich in clever humor, touching moments, and ample zombie-slaying action. It is the inaugural film in Wright’s *Three Flavors Cornetto* trilogy and is widely hailed as one of the greatest horror-comedies ever produced.

## 10. **Zombieland (2009)**
America

Report Uncovers Harmful X Users Harming Community Notes Intended to Fight Disinformation

# The Issues Surrounding X’s Community Notes: Bias, Misinformation, and the Need for Change

In recent times, social media outlets have come under greater scrutiny for their involvement in disseminating misinformation, especially concerning critical issues like elections. A prominent initiative aimed at tackling this problem on X (formerly known as Twitter) is the **Community Notes** feature, a crowdsourced fact-checking tool intended to add context to misleading posts. Nonetheless, a fresh report from the **Center for Countering Digital Hate (CCDH)** has raised alarms regarding the efficacy of this system, indicating that biased users can easily suppress accurate notes, permitting misinformation to circulate unchecked.

## What Are Community Notes?

Community Notes, which was previously called Birdwatch, is an aspect of X that enables users to collectively fact-check posts. When a misleading post is flagged, users can submit notes that offer additional context or rectify false information. These notes are displayed only if a wide array of users from differing viewpoints concur that the note is “helpful.” In theory, this mechanism should guarantee that fact-checks are impartial and not swayed by any specific political or ideological bias.

However, the findings from the CCDH indicate that the system is significantly flawed.

## The Issue: Bias in Community Notes

The CCDH’s report, which examined over one million Community Notes, discovered that **74% of misleading posts concerning the US election had accurate notes proposed but were never displayed**. This is primarily due to the structure of the system. For a note to be visible, it requires agreement from a diverse group of users. However, on contentious subjects, such as elections, achieving that agreement is often challenging. Users with political leanings can easily opt to not rate a note or downvote it, effectively obscuring accurate details.

This poses a considerable problem: **Community Notes fall short precisely in areas where they are most essential**—on divisive and controversial topics. For instance, the report pointed out several misleading assertions about the US election that were viewed by millions without any accompanying fact-checking notes. These claims included erroneous narratives regarding voter registration for undocumented immigrants, the dangers of mail-in voting, and the notion that the Democratic Party is “importing voters.”

One especially concerning illustration involved a post from **Elon Musk**, the owner of X, which propagated the unfounded claim that Democrats were importing voters. Even though precise notes were proposed to counter this misinformation, they were never showcased, and the post amassed over **51 million views**.

## The Effects of Misinformation

The CCDH’s report highlights the tangible repercussions of unregulated misinformation. In the context of the US election, false assertions about voting methods and eligibility can erode public confidence in the electoral system and potentially sway voter actions. The report further noted that **misleading posts receive 13 times more visibility than the fact-checking notes**, implying that even if a note is eventually shown, the harm has likely been done already.

This dilemma is not confined to a single political viewpoint. Although the bulk of misleading posts identified in the report originated from conservative users, X also neglected to counter a false assertion that Donald Trump was no longer qualified to run for president. This post garnered **1.4 million views**, and the absence of a correction could have adversely affected Trump’s voter turnout.

## X’s Move: Lightning Notes

In reaction to criticisms regarding the pace of fact-checking, X recently unveiled **”lightning notes,”** which aim to deliver fact-checks within **15 minutes** of a misleading post being published. X has promoted this as a significant enhancement, asserting that quicker notes will curtail the spread of harmful information. Nevertheless, the CCDH remains doubtful, contending that the quantity of notes displayed within an hour of a post’s release is still relatively low. On a platform boasting an estimated **429 million daily active users**, only approximately **400 notes** were shown within an hour over a two-week span.

While X maintains that Community Notes are operating more swiftly than ever, the CCDH’s report implies that the system still requires considerable improvement, particularly regarding contentious subjects.

## The Threat of an Echo Chamber

Another concern highlighted by the CCDH is that X risks evolving into an **echo chamber**. According to data from **Sensor Tower**, global daily active users on X have diminished by **28%** since Elon Musk took over the platform in October 2022. However, engagement among the active users has risen by **8%**, indicating that those who remain are more engaged than ever. This leads to a scenario where a smaller, more ideologically uniform group of users dominates the discussion, enabling misinformation to proliferate unchecked.

Upon Musk’s acquisition of Twitter, one of his initial steps was to significantly reduce the platform’s **trust and safety teams**, which were tasked with content moderation. He expanded the role of Community Notes to address this gap, but the CCDH contends that this was a misstep. Without adequately supported trust and safety teams, the platform