AllYouCanTech

Blue Origin Accomplishes Launch of Six to Space; Ambiguity Hangs Over Upcoming Starship Launch Date

**Space Industry Update: Noteworthy Advancements and Obstacles**

The space industry is undergoing rapid transformation, showcasing noteworthy advancements from numerous companies and missions. With SpaceX pushing forward with its Starship program and Blue Origin successfully executing crewed flights, the sector remains vibrant and populated with triumphs as well as obstacles. This article summarizes some of the latest and most consequential happenings in the space domain.

### SpaceX’s Starship Program: Gear Up for the Upcoming Major Progress

SpaceX is actively focused on its Starship project, preparing for the next test flight of its colossal rocket. However, this launch won’t happen immediately, as the company is currently enhancing the launch pad in Texas. The forthcoming test flight is especially crucial as it aims to achieve the first-ever capture of the Super Heavy booster on solid ground, a task that necessitates exacting engineering and collaboration.

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is presently evaluating SpaceX’s plan for this ambitious recovery operation. A NASA representative observing the Starship initiative has suggested that the next test flight is probably set for the fall, indicating that it could be several weeks away. At the same time, SpaceX is seeking FAA clearance to restart Falcon 9 launches following a recent failure during a booster landing.

### Leadership Shifts at Firefly Aerospace

Firefly Aerospace, an emerging competitor in the space transportation arena, has appointed Jason Kim as its new CEO, starting October 1. Kim, who previously directed Boeing-owned Millennium Space Systems, offers extensive expertise in national security space operations. His appointment arrives at a pivotal moment for Firefly, which is developing a commercial lunar lander for NASA and a medium-lift rocket in collaboration with Northrop Grumman.

Kim takes over from Bill Weber, who resigned as CEO in July under contentious circumstances. Firefly’s successful launch of the Victus Nox mission for the US Space Force underscores the company’s expanding capabilities and aspirations.

### Blue Origin’s New Shepard: Back in Service

Blue Origin successfully launched its New Shepard rocket on a sub-orbital journey, marking the company’s eighth crewed spaceflight. The mission carried six passengers, including a NASA-supported researcher and the youngest woman to travel into space. This flight was particularly significant as it represented the first New Shepard mission following a parachute malfunction in May.

Blue Origin has resolved the parachute issue, identifying a malfunction in the dis-reefing mechanism as the culprit. The company has since implemented the required modifications, ensuring the future safety and dependability of its flights.

### ABL Space Systems: Hurdles and Comeback

ABL Space Systems encountered a serious setback when a test involving its RS1 rocket concluded with a fiery malfunction, damaging the ground systems at the Alaska launch site. The incident was triggered by fuel leaks from two engines, causing the rocket to collapse after the launch team’s water supply was depleted.

In spite of this setback, ABL has been open regarding the occurrence, offering thorough updates on their investigation. The firm is now concentrated on refurbishing its ground support equipment and completing the next RS1 rocket, though a timeline for its return to the launch pad has not been disclosed.

### Rocket Factory Augsburg: Postponements and Issues

Rocket Factory Augsburg (RFA), a German startup, has delayed its inaugural flight to 2025 after losing a component of its RFA One rocket during a static fire examination. The failure was attributed to a fire in an oxygen pump, which caused the rocket’s first stage to topple and detach from its testing platform.

RFA is now developing a second booster that incorporates over 100 enhancements. The company initially aimed to accomplish the first vertical launch to orbit from British soil, but this target has been postponed due to the recent test malfunctions.

### SpaceX’s Falcon 9: An Uncommon Landing Failure

For the first time in over three years, SpaceX experienced the loss of a reusable Falcon 9 booster during a landing attempt. The booster, which had successfully completed 22 past missions, tipped over after landing on a drone ship in the Atlantic Ocean. The reason for this failure is currently under investigation, and the FAA has temporarily grounded the Falcon 9 rocket family.

Despite this obstacle, SpaceX is likely to resume launches shortly, with the Polaris Dawn mission on hold mainly due to weather conditions. The company continues to maintain a strong presence in the space sector, with an impressive history of innovation and success.

### Space Debris: An Increasing Concern

The problem of space debris remains a pressing issue, particularly in light of China’s recent contributions to the situation. The disintegration of the upper stage from a Long March 6A rocket earlier this month added countless pieces of debris to low-Earth orbit. The head of US Space Command has urged for increased transparency from China regarding space debris, highlighting the necessity for responsible practices in space.

### NASA’s Expensive Launch Tower

NASA’s second mobile launch tower, designed for the upgraded version of the Space Launch System (SLS) rocket, has

Sunrise Alarm Clock Enhanced Sleep Quality but Did Not Alleviate Morning Wake-Ups

### The Hatch Restore 2: An Innovative Alarm Clock Designed to Revolutionize Your Sleep Habits

For individuals who find it challenging to rise in the morning, the Hatch Restore 2 provides a contemporary remedy that claims to make early hours more manageable. This intelligent alarm clock is tailored to sync with your innate circadian rhythms, utilizing light and sound to aid in falling asleep and waking up more organically. But does it deliver on its promises? After three weeks of evaluation, the findings are varied yet captivating.

#### How It Functions

The Hatch Restore 2 is advertised as a “smart sleep clock,” a phrase that may come off as promotional jargon, but there’s actual science supporting it. Circadian rhythms, which encompass the physical, mental, and behavioral shifts following a 24-hour cycle, significantly influence our sleep cycles. The Restore 2 seeks to harmonize with these rhythms by mimicking natural light sequences and providing calming noises to facilitate relaxation and awakening.

The device requires a Wi-Fi connection and a supportive app for initial setup. The app includes numerous customization features, such as various sounds, colors, and even advice for improved sleep quality. While there is a subscription option priced at $5 per month for extra features, the essential functionalities are accessible at no cost.

#### Falling Asleep: A Calming Encounter

A notable feature of the Hatch Restore 2 is its capacity to aid you in falling asleep. The clock can be programmed to emit a dimming light alongside soothing sounds, generating a serene atmosphere that encourages slumber. For example, you can create a routine that plays “Calming Singing Bowls” for two hours, followed by ocean waves that persist until your alarm signals.

This function is especially beneficial for individuals who are sensitive to background noise. In the case of the reviewer, the clock’s sounds effectively masked the intrusive noise of an old air conditioner, making it easier to drift into sleep. The advantage of having a dedicated device for sleep rituals, rather than depending on a smartphone, also enhances its attractiveness.

#### Waking Up: A Mixed Experience

Although the Hatch Restore 2 is proficient as a sleep aid, its efficacy as an alarm clock leaves something to be desired, particularly for deep sleepers. The clock employs a blend of gradually brightening light and soft sounds to rouse you, but this method may not suit everyone. The reviewer discovered that the alarm sounds were too gentle, necessitating a notable increase in volume. Even then, the subdued nature of the sounds seemed to conflict with the concept of a “gentle” awakening.

Additionally, the light feature, intended to replicate a sunrise, can easily be undermined by simply turning away from the clock. In certain instances, the reviewer even slept through the light, despite it being directly visible. The effectiveness of the light also suffers if your room is not completely dark, making it less powerful than real sunlight.

#### The App: A Blessing and a Curse

The app that governs the Hatch Restore 2 provides an abundance of customization options, but this also adds complexity. Setting the alarm involves several steps, and it’s simple to miss crucial settings like volume or brightness, particularly when you’re groggy. This level of intricacy can result in user mistakes, rendering the alarm less dependable than conventional clocks.

#### A Chic Addition to Your Nightstand

Notwithstanding its limitations as an alarm clock, the Hatch Restore 2 has secured a permanent place on the reviewer’s nightstand. Its elegant design and customizable features render it a flexible embellishment for any bedroom. Whether utilized as a sleep facilitator, a nightlight, or an ambiance-setting device, the Restore 2 provides a distinctive combination of practicality and style.

However, it’s essential to recognize that the clock alone may not dramatically alter your circadian rhythms. Elements like dietary habits, physical activity, and stress levels also influence how effectively you sleep and wake.

### Conclusion

The Hatch Restore 2 is a thoughtfully designed, feature-rich device that shines as a sleep aid but lacks the reliability needed for heavy sleepers as an alarm clock. Its capability to cultivate a tranquil setting for falling asleep is commendable, yet its wake-up functions may not be robust enough for those who find it hard to rise in the morning. If you seek an elegant, multifunctional device to improve your sleep routine, the Hatch Restore 2 is certainly worth a look. Nevertheless, if your main priority is a foolproof alarm clock, you might want to continue searching—or at least keep your curtains open for some natural morning light.

Alaska Individual Detained for Holding More Than 10,000 Child Exploitation Images Despite Utilizing Several Encrypted Applications

### The Dark Web of Child Sexual Abuse Material (CSAM): A Multifaceted Struggle Against Technology and Crime

The emergence of Child Sexual Abuse Material (CSAM) online represents one of the most troubling developments of the digital era. In spite of the growing advancements in technology, law enforcement agencies are continually challenged by offenders who take advantage of these innovations to mask their vile actions. The recent case of Seth Herrera, a commercial truck driver for the U.S. military, exemplifies the complex and unsettling methods by which technology is utilized to enable the creation, storage, and sharing of CSAM.

#### The Convergence of Technology and Crime

In the contemporary digital landscape, the instruments accessible to criminals have grown notably sophisticated. While the typical user might leverage encryption and secure messaging applications to safeguard their privacy, certain individuals exploit these advancements for malicious intents. Herrera’s case is especially disconcerting due to the extensive array of tools he purportedly used to obscure his actions.

As per court documents, Herrera employed numerous encrypted applications and platforms, including:

– **Calculator Photo Vault**: An application designed to appear as a common calculator but capable of concealing photos and videos behind password protection.
– **Potato Chat**: A messaging platform offering advanced encryption technology to safeguard information.
– **Enigma**: A service where messages are stored in an encrypted manner, accessible only by the user’s client.
– **nandbox Messenger**: An application providing free and secure calls as well as messaging.
– **Telegram**: A widely-used messaging service recognized for its robust encryption and commitment to not sharing user data with third parties, including governmental bodies.
– **TOR (The Onion Router)**: A network facilitating anonymous browsing, complicating law enforcement’s ability to monitor users.
– **Mega NZ**: A cloud storage solution that employs zero-knowledge encryption, ensuring that only the user can access their files.

These instruments, though legitimate and frequently used for privacy reasons, can also be misappropriated by individuals attempting to evade law enforcement scrutiny.

#### The Disturbing Application of AI in CSAM

What distinguishes Herrera’s case from many others is his alleged utilization of AI-driven technology to enhance and alter images of minors. According to the indictment, Herrera not only recorded illicit images of minors but also employed AI to augment these visuals. More troubling is the claim that he used AI chatbots to fabricate CSAM depicting real children in sexual contexts.

This appropriation of AI to generate and modify CSAM illustrates a new challenge in the battle against online child exploitation. AI technologies, which are becoming more readily available, can produce hyper-realistic images and videos, intensifying the difficulties for law enforcement in identifying and apprehending offenders.

#### The Impact of Encryption and Secure Messaging

Encryption and secure messaging platforms have emerged as a double-edged sword in the fight against CSAM. On one side, these resources are vital for safeguarding the privacy and security of individuals in an increasingly digital society. Conversely, they can be misused by offenders to obscure their illegal acts from law enforcement.

In Herrera’s instance, the adoption of encrypted applications like Telegram and Enigma, along with the TOR network, complicated authorities’ efforts to monitor his behavior. Nonetheless, ultimately, Herrera was apprehended. The government has not revealed the specific tactics implemented to uncover his activities, but it is reasonable to surmise that a blend of digital forensics and investigative methods was utilized.

#### The Obstacles Facing Law Enforcement

The Herrera case highlights the hurdles law enforcement confronts in the digital era. While technology has provided new mechanisms for criminals, it has also equipped law enforcement agencies with enhanced forensic tools. However, the prevalence of encryption and secure messaging applications can hinder evidence collection and case building.

In this scenario, it seems that Herrera may have been apprehended after trying to engage with a link containing CSAM, which might have been a government sting operation aimed at ensnaring individuals involved in illicit activities. Once his actions were revealed, law enforcement was able to confiscate his devices and perform a forensic examination, yielding the evidence necessary to charge him.

#### The Significance of Vigilance and Collaboration

The effort against CSAM demands relentless vigilance and collaboration among law enforcement agencies, technology companies, and the community. While technology can be employed to obscure illegal behavior, it can likewise be leveraged to detect and avert such acts. For instance, AI and machine learning algorithms can serve to identify and flag potentially illegal content, while secure messaging applications can collaborate with law enforcement to ensure their platforms are not misused for criminal ends.

Concurrently, it is crucial to maintain a balance between privacy and security. Although encryption and secure messaging are essential tools for protecting individual privacy, they should not serve as a cover for criminal wrongdoing. Technology companies must engage closely with law enforcement to ensure that their platforms do not become havens for those looking to harm others.

#### Conclusion

The case of Seth Herrera serves as a stark reminder of the dark

Space Command Chief Expresses Concerns Over Insufficient Reciprocal Communication with China

### The Escalating Issue of Space Debris: A Plea for Enhanced Transparency and Accountability

Recently, space debris has surged to the forefront as a critical concern for the global space sector. The surge in satellite launches, especially with the rise of extensive constellations such as SpaceX’s Starlink, has dramatically heightened the number of objects in orbit around Earth. This situation is worsened by the reckless actions of certain spacefaring nations, particularly following rocket launches. A notable instance is the recent fragmentation of the upper stage of China’s Long March 6A rocket, which once again underscores the imperative for improved transparency and accountability in space endeavors.

#### The Event: Long March 6A Rocket Fragmentation

On August 6, 2024, China deployed the initial group of 18 Internet satellites as part of a megaconstellation similar to SpaceX’s Starlink framework. Initially, the mission was regarded as a triumph with the successful deployment of satellites. However, shortly afterwards, the upper stage of the Long March 6A rocket shattered, dispersing debris throughout low-Earth orbit (LEO). The U.S. Space Command identified over 300 objects linked to the breakup, while LeoLabs, a private space situational awareness firm, reported tracking at least 700 objects.

The Chinese government formally acknowledged the occurrence over a week later, on August 14, through a communiqué from its Ministry of Foreign Affairs. This lag in response has sparked apprehensions regarding the transparency of China’s space operations, especially concerning space debris oversight.

#### The Demand for Transparency

General Stephen Whiting, head of U.S. Space Command, has stressed the necessity for China to enhance transparency surrounding space debris. During a gathering organized by the Mitchell Institute to commemorate the fifth anniversary of Space Command’s reestablishment, Whiting conveyed his desire for China to proactively share information about space debris in future incidents rather than depending on U.S. sensors for detection.

“I trust that the next occurrence of a rocket that generates substantial debris won’t rely solely on our sensors for first detection, but that we’ll receive communications to clarify the situation, much like we share information with others,” Whiting stated.

While Whiting acknowledged some advancements in discussions between U.S. and Chinese military officials this year, he emphasized that China has the capacity to make further efforts to mitigate space debris creation and communicate more transparently when incidents transpire.

#### The Consequences of Space Debris

The debris from the Long March 6A rocket breakup represents a considerable threat to other spacecraft in LEO. At an altitude nearing 500 miles (800 kilometers), this debris may orbit for many decades or even centuries before eventually descending into the Earth’s atmosphere. Throughout this period, the debris poses a risk of colliding with other satellites, including those within the Starlink network, the International Space Station, and various crewed vessels.

The buildup of space debris amplifies the chances of collisions, thereby generating more debris in a cascading phenomenon referred to as the Kessler Syndrome. Such a situation could deem specific orbits unusable, posing a grave risk to the future of space exploration and satellite operations.

#### The Function of the U.S. Space Command

The U.S. Space Command, via its 18th Space Defense Squadron based at Vandenberg Space Force Base in California, is vital in tracking objects circling the Earth. This squadron keeps a comprehensive catalog of satellites and space debris and watches for potential collisions involving spacecraft or debris. Space Command frequently issues warnings about close encounters, or conjunctions, between objects to commercial entities and foreign governments, including China and Russia.

“For decades, the United States has placed such importance on the space domain that we’ve made nearly all our tracking data publicly available for free,” Whiting commented. “Every day, we analyze every active satellite against all debris, providing notifications to all, including the Chinese and Russians.”

In the future, the U.S. Commerce Department is slated to assume part of the military’s role in managing space traffic. Nevertheless, Space Command will continue to uphold its catalog and remain accountable for collaborating with foreign militaries on space debris issues.

#### The Necessity for Responsible Conduct

General Whiting outlined three essential principles of responsible behavior in outer space: engaging with respect and professionalism, minimizing the creation of long-lasting debris, and fostering safety communication with other stakeholders in the realm. These tenets are crucial for ensuring the enduring sustainability of activities in space.

Regrettably, China’s history in this area has been far from ideal. The Long March 6A rocket has taken to the skies seven times since its inaugural flight in March 2022, and nearly every mission has resulted in a cloud of debris left in its wake. The two most consequential debris-generating incidents occurred in November 2022 and the recent breakup in August 2024.

#### The Wider Perspective

Updated Raspberry Pi 5 Chip Brings Unexpected Enhancements in Power Efficiency

### The New 2GB Raspberry Pi 5: A More Compact, Cooler, and Efficient Board

The Raspberry Pi Foundation has yet again stirred excitement in the tech world with the launch of a new 2GB variant of the Raspberry Pi 5. Priced attractively at just $50, this release has drawn interest not only for its low cost but also for the noticeable and impactful enhancements it delivers. Although the 2GB version may appear to be a simple reduction in RAM, it is equipped with an upgraded Broadcom BCM2712C1 System-on-Chip (SoC), which presents several remarkable advantages.

#### A More Compact Die with Important Implications

When Raspberry Pi CEO Eben Upton unveiled the new 2GB board, he indicated that it would feature a slightly refined version of the Broadcom BCM2712C1 SoC. This new “D0 stepping” of the chip is engineered to require less silicon by eliminating certain features that the Raspberry Pi 5 does not require. This leads to a reduced die size, resulting in decreased manufacturing expenses.

Raspberry Pi aficionado and YouTuber Jeff Geerling took the initiative to validate these assertions through practical testing. By taking off the SoC’s heat spreader and measuring the silicon beneath, Geerling established that the new die is roughly 33% smaller than that of the original 4GB and 8GB versions of the Raspberry Pi 5. This decrease in die size is a considerable achievement, as it not only cuts production costs but also positively affects the board’s thermal and power performance.

#### Enhanced Power Efficiency and Thermal Performance

One of the most unexpected discoveries from Geerling’s evaluation is that the 2GB Raspberry Pi 5 operates at lower temperatures and consumes less power compared to its 4GB and 8GB versions. According to his assessments, the 2GB Pi 5 utilizes merely 2.4 watts of power when idle and 8.9 watts during a CPU stress test. In comparison, the 4GB version requires 3.3 watts at idle and 9.8 watts under stress. These discrepancies, although seemingly minor, are significant for devices typically used in power-sensitive environments.

Thermally, the 2GB Pi 5 also surpasses its counterparts. Geerling recorded the SoC temperature at 30°C when idle and 59°C under load, as opposed to 32°C and 63°C for the 4GB version. These cooler temperatures can lead to a longer operational lifespan for the device, as well as more consistent performance during extended workloads.

#### What Was Eliminated?

While the Raspberry Pi Foundation has not detailed the specific functionalities that were removed from the D0 stepping of the BCM2712C1 SoC, Geerling hypothesizes that these modifications likely pertain to the custom RP1 I/O chip. The RP1 chip manages various functions such as Ethernet and USB controllers, display interfaces, and GPIO, which might have facilitated the removal of redundant features from the main SoC.

#### What Lies Ahead for the 4GB and 8GB Versions?

An outstanding question is whether the D0 stepping will eventually be implemented for the 4GB and 8GB versions of the Raspberry Pi 5. Adopting a single, more affordable chip could provide financial advantages for the Raspberry Pi Foundation and streamline the manufacturing process. However, as of now, the company has yet to announce any intentions to upgrade the higher RAM versions with the new SoC revision.

#### Conclusion

The new 2GB Raspberry Pi 5 is not merely a low-cost option; it signifies a careful refinement of the Raspberry Pi 5 platform. With a more compact die, enhanced power efficiency, and improved thermal performance, this new variant is an excellent selection for those seeking a compact, economical computing solution. Whether these advancements will extend to the 4GB and 8GB versions remains uncertain, but for the time being, the 2GB Raspberry Pi 5 is a standout choice within the Raspberry Pi range.

“Plug-and-Play PC Powered by Linux Arrives Preloaded with EmuDeck Emulation Suite”

### EmuDeck Machines: A New Chapter in Retro and PC Gaming Fusion

If you’re among the Steam Deck crowd or have a passion for retro gaming, you’ve likely heard of “EmuDeck.” Renowned for its intuitive software suite that makes running emulators on the Steam Deck effortless, EmuDeck has become a staple for those wishing to revisit the charm of classic titles. Now, the EmuDeck team is making a significant move into hardware with the launch of the **EmuDeck Machines**—a fresh range of retro emulation systems that also function as gaming PCs.

### What Are EmuDeck Machines?

The EmuDeck Machines are essentially compact gaming rigs crafted to deliver a seamless, console-like experience for both nostalgic and contemporary gaming. The initiative is led by DragoonDorise, one of the developers behind the original EmuDeck software. These machines come pre-loaded with EmuDeck software, making it incredibly convenient to enjoy your beloved retro games from the coziness of your sofa. Beyond retro gaming, the EmuDeck Machines support modern PC titles through Steam and other well-known PC launchers, powered by the Linux-based, gaming-centric **Bazzite OS**.

This idea echoes Valve’s Steam Machines, which sought to bring PC gaming into the living space yet ultimately struggled to find success. However, the EmuDeck Machines adopt a more community-driven approach, prioritizing user-friendliness and affordability over direct competition with mainstream consoles.

### Two Configurations to Choose From

The EmuDeck Machines will be offered in two configurations, catering to various gamer preferences:

1. **EM1 Model**: Retailing for $365 for early supporters, the EM1 features an Intel N97 processor with 8GB of RAM. This model is tailored for retro gaming and can smoothly operate emulators for systems up to the PS2/Wii generation. It also manages less resource-intensive modern games like *Hades* at 60 fps.

2. **EM2 Model**: For those seeking enhanced performance, the EM2 is available for $676 and boasts an overclocked Radeon 760M GPU along with 16GB of RAM. This configuration can handle more intense games such as *Cyberpunk 2077* and *Returnal*, in addition to emulators for PS3 and Xbox 360. DragoonDorise has also mentioned the potential for an optional Docking Station that would deliver “Radeon 7600” graphics power to the EM2, boosting its capabilities.

Both models come equipped with 512 GB of storage, which can be expanded via external USB hard drives. Additionally, each machine includes a Gamesir wireless controller, allowing users to start gaming right away. The design of the EmuDeck Machines draws clear inspiration from the Sega Dreamcast, featuring a compact 8.6-inch square chassis with four USB ports positioned where the Dreamcast’s controller ports would typically be.

### A Word of Caution

While the EmuDeck Machines seem promising, it’s wise to proceed with some caution. Currently, the hardware remains in the prototype phase, with an ambitious production timeline aiming for shipping by December. DragoonDorise has acknowledged that this initiative is more of a passion project than a commercial one, indicating a profit of only about $50 per unit sold. This might lead to challenges in scaling production or handling unforeseen technical hurdles.

Furthermore, the project is relying on IndieGogo for funding, a platform often associated with a “buyer beware” philosophy. While DragoonDorise has a background in managing an online store and appears dedicated to providing a quality product, prospective backers should remain aware of the inherent risks in crowdfunding endeavors.

### The Bigger Picture

Despite the challenges, the EmuDeck Machines symbolize an exciting advancement in retro gaming and its convergence with PC gaming. For supporters of the EmuDeck software, DragoonDorise assures that the hardware focus will not compromise ongoing software enhancements. In fact, functionalities like CloudSync, ROM Library, and the EmuDecky plugin were integrated into the EmuDeck software with the EmuDeck Machines in consideration, and these features are now accessible to all EmuDeck users.

At the time of writing, the EmuDeck Machines project has already garnered nearly $13,000 in pledges within its first 24 hours. While it’s evident that DragoonDorise isn’t primarily motivated by profit, the community’s enthusiasm indicates a genuine demand for such a product.

### Conclusion

The EmuDeck Machines represent an ambitious effort to connect the worlds of retro gaming and modern PC gaming, all while providing a user-friendly, console-like encounter. Although the project remains in its nascent stages and carries certain risks,

Apple Allegedly Considering Investment Prospects in OpenAI

# Apple’s Possible Investment in OpenAI: A Strategic Step Towards AI Leadership

In a swiftly changing technological environment, artificial intelligence (AI) has become a crucial element, influencing the future of consumer electronics, software, and entire sectors. A recent article from *The Wall Street Journal* indicates that Apple is engaged in advanced negotiations to invest in OpenAI, the generative AI firm responsible for the innovative ChatGPT. This prospective investment could represent a significant turning point in Apple’s AI strategy and may have extensive consequences for the tech sector.

## The Investment Scene

Should the current discussions progress, Apple will participate in a multi-billion dollar financing round spearheaded by Thrive Capital, potentially valuing OpenAI at over $100 billion. While the specific amount Apple plans to invest remains under wraps, this initiative would align Apple with other technological heavyweights like Microsoft and Nvidia, who are also pondering further investments in OpenAI.

Microsoft has, for example, already allocated an impressive $13 billion to OpenAI over the last five years. This collaboration has enabled Microsoft to incorporate OpenAI’s GPT technology into numerous products, including Windows, Office, Visual Studio, and Bing. Nvidia, a leader in AI hardware, is additionally rumored to be considering its options to partake in this funding round, highlighting the strategic significance of OpenAI within the tech landscape.

## Apple’s AI Aspirations: A Peek into the Future

Apple has consistently excelled in consumer technology, yet its AI endeavors have frequently trailed those of rivals such as Google and Microsoft. Nevertheless, this potential investment in OpenAI could indicate a shift in Apple’s stance on AI, especially in the area of generative AI.

During its 2024 Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC), Apple introduced a collection of AI functionalities branded as “Apple Intelligence.” These features, tailored to function solely on the iPhone 15 Pro and newer models, represent Apple’s initial major venture into AI-enhanced user experiences. However, these features are accompanied by specific limitations and safeguards, which is where OpenAI’s ChatGPT comes into play.

Reports suggest that Apple has finalized an agreement to embed ChatGPT into coming iterations of iOS, commencing with iOS 18. This integration will enable Siri to redirect user inquiries that fall outside the realm of Apple Intelligence to ChatGPT, akin to how Siri currently consults Google for specific types of information. Such a move could greatly bolster Siri’s capabilities, rendering it more competitive against other AI assistants like Google Assistant and Amazon Alexa.

Apple’s software chief, Craig Federighi, highlighted the necessity of beginning with the best, stating that the company opted to incorporate ChatGPT first due to its superior functionalities. Nevertheless, Apple also intends to broaden its support to other AI chatbots in the future, including Google’s Gemini, thereby diversifying its AI offerings.

## Strategic Consequences for Apple

Apple’s potential investment in OpenAI extends beyond merely improving Siri or integrating ChatGPT into iOS. It may also be a strategic maneuver to secure access to state-of-the-art AI technology that could be crucial for future Apple offerings. Historically, Apple has invested in companies and technologies that align with its long-term strategic objectives. For instance, Apple has invested in supply chain partners to enhance iPhone manufacturing and in the SoftBank Vision Fund to expedite the advancement of technologies that could be essential for its future.

By investing in OpenAI, Apple could secure a competitive advantage in the AI race, ensuring that it has access to the latest developments in generative AI. This could be particularly vital as AI increasingly permeates consumer electronics, spanning smartphones to smart home devices.

## The Path Forward

While the integration of ChatGPT is not anticipated to feature in the initial release of iOS 18 in September 2024, it is likely to be included in a subsequent software update later in the year. This timeline indicates that Apple is adopting a careful yet intentional approach to AI, ensuring that the technology is thoroughly optimized before introducing it to millions of users.

In summary, Apple’s possible investment in OpenAI could revolutionize the tech industry, not just for Apple, but for the sector as a whole. As AI continues to develop, the companies that can leverage its potential most effectively will shape the future. With this investment, Apple is positioning itself to be among those companies, ensuring it remains at the cutting edge of technological progress for years to come.

Google Reports Kremlin-Supported Hackers Employing Commercial Spyware Vulnerabilities

### The Perilous Rise of Commercial Surveillance Exploits: An Escalating Global Concern

In recent times, the emergence of Commercial Surveillance Vendors (CSVs) has ignited considerable discussion and alarm among cybersecurity professionals, advocates for human rights, and governmental bodies. These firms, which orchestrate the development and sale of sophisticated hacking tools and exploits, frequently assert that their offerings are designed for use by law enforcement entities to tackle crime and terrorism. Nevertheless, detractors have persistently cautioned that these potent tools can readily end up in inappropriate hands, representing a grave risk to worldwide security. Recent insights from Google’s Threat Analysis Group (TAG) have furnished persuasive proof that these apprehensions are well-founded.

#### The Rise of CSVs and Their Disputed Influence

Commercial Surveillance Vendors, including Israel’s NSO Group and Ireland’s Intellexa, have established themselves as significant entities within the global cybersecurity sphere. These companies focus on inventing intricate exploits capable of circumventing even the most fortified systems, typically zeroing in on zero-day vulnerabilities—deficiencies that remain unknown to the software provider and for which no patch has been issued. The exploits crafted by CSVs are highly coveted by governments and law enforcement agencies globally, who deploy them to observe and track offenders, terrorists, and other crucial targets.

However, the intrinsic nature of these tools renders them perilously dangerous. Once an exploit is conceived and sold, there is minimal deterrent against its utilization for ends other than those purported by the vendor. This has stirred rising anxiety that these formidable tools might be wielded by authoritarian regimes to target political activists, journalists, and human rights proponents, or even by cybercriminals and state-sponsored hackers to execute assaults on vital infrastructure.

#### APT29: An Example of CSV Exploits Misuse

The recent disclosures by Google’s TAG underscore the tangible risks linked to the spread of CSV exploits. TAG researchers have found that APT29, a hacking group widely assumed to be connected with Russia’s Foreign Intelligence Service (SVR), has been employing exploits that are “identical or remarkably similar” to those crafted by NSO Group and Intellexa. APT29, which goes by other names such as Cozy Bear and Midnight Blizzard, is a notorious advanced persistent threat (APT) entity that has been associated with numerous prominent cyber espionage operations.

As per TAG, APT29 has utilized these exploits in various watering hole assaults—a strategy where attackers compromise websites frequently visited by their targets and embed malicious code that targets vulnerabilities in the visitors’ browsers. In this instance, the group aimed at websites affiliated with the Mongolian government, including mfa.gov[.]mn and cabinet.gov

The Legendary Lecture by Grace Hopper from 1982 is Now Accessible on YouTube

**Grace Hopper: An Innovative Trailblazer in Computing and Her 1982 Lecture on Prospective Developments**

Rear Admiral Grace Hopper, a pioneering figure in computer science, has made a significant impact on the realm of technology. Famously referred to as “Grandma COBOL,” Hopper’s innovations in computing have influenced today’s digital world. Her 1982 lecture, dubbed “Future Possibilities: Data, Hardware, Software, and People,” exemplifies her visionary outlook and capacity to anticipate the computing landscape’s evolution. Once presumed lost due to outdated media forms, this lecture has recently been digitized and made accessible to the public, providing a unique insight into the intellect of one of computing history’s most prominent personalities.

### Early Life and Career

Grace Hopper was born on December 9, 1906, in New York City. From a young age, she exhibited a strong talent for mathematics and science, earning her undergraduate degrees in math and physics from Vassar College. In 1930, she achieved a PhD in mathematics from Yale University, becoming one of the few women of her era to attain such an honor. Hopper returned to Vassar as a faculty member, but her career trajectory shifted dramatically with the commencement of World War II.

Despite facing initial setbacks due to her age and physical size, Hopper was resolute in her wish to serve her country. She ultimately enlisted in the US Naval Reserve and was assigned to the Bureau of Ships Computation Project at Harvard University. There, she contributed to the Mark I computer, one of the earliest electromechanical computers, under Howard H. Aiken’s supervision. This experience established the groundwork for her subsequent contributions to the field of computer science.

### The Emergence of COBOL

After the war, Hopper continued her computing journey by joining the Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation in 1949. She played a crucial role in developing the Universal Automatic Computer (UNIVAC), the first commercial computer in the United States. It was during this period that Hopper began championing the idea of a programming language grounded in English words rather than the intricate symbols and codes commonly employed.

Her vision faced skepticism, yet she remained steadfast. She created the first compiler, known as the A-0 compiler, which converted English-like instructions into machine code. This groundbreaking advancement ultimately led to the establishment of COBOL (Common Business-Oriented Language), a programming language still extensively utilized today in business, finance, and administrative systems.

### The 1982 Lecture: A Preview of the Future

In August 1982, Hopper presented a lecture to National Security Agency (NSA) employees titled “Future Possibilities: Data, Hardware, Software, and People.” This lecture, now accessible on YouTube due to the efforts of the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) and the NSA, provides an intriguing look at Hopper’s views on the future of computing.

Hopper’s lecture addressed various topics, such as the progression of data processing, the potential of hardware innovations, the significance of software development, and the impact of individuals in shaping technology’s future. She employed analogies and anecdotes from her experiences to clarify her points, rendering complex concepts understandable to her audience.

One of the primary messages from Hopper’s lecture was her conviction in the value of collaboration and the necessity of pairing computers to enhance computational capability. She compared this to using oxen pairs to transport large logs before tractors existed, underscoring that often the simplest approaches are the most effective.

### Legacy and Influence

Grace Hopper’s contributions to computing have had a profound and lasting influence on the discipline. Her work on compilers and programming languages laid the foundation for contemporary software development, and her advocacy for user-friendly programming languages helped democratize computing, widening accessibility to a larger audience.

Hopper’s impact transcended her technical accomplishments. She served as a role model and mentor to numerous individuals within computer science, especially women. Her commitment to education and her aptitude for inspiring others earned her multiple honors, including the Presidential Medal of Freedom, awarded posthumously in 2016.

Even after retiring from the Navy in 1986, Hopper continued to contribute as a senior consultant for Digital Equipment Corporation, where she acted as a “goodwill ambassador” for the company, delivering lectures and imparting her knowledge to the next generation of computer scientists.

### Conclusion

Grace Hopper’s 1982 lecture on “Future Possibilities: Data, Hardware, Software, and People” stands as a significant historical artifact that offers a glimpse into the mind of a genuine visionary. Her capacity to envision the future of computing and her commitment to making technology attainable for all have forged an enduring legacy. As we continue to navigate the rapidly changing technological landscape, Hopper’s insights and ideas hold as much relevance today as they did more than forty years ago.

For those captivated by the history of computing and the contributions of one of its most influential figures…

Eli Lilly Raises Zepbound Price, Reveals Discount on First Vials

### Eli Lilly’s Zepbound Pricing: A Two-Faced Sword in the Battle Against Obesity

Pharmaceutical powerhouse Eli Lilly has captured attention with its declaration of a notable price cut for its well-known weight-loss medication, tirzepatide, sold under the name Zepbound. The organization unveiled a fresh vial format for the drug, presenting starting dosages at a significantly reduced price compared to the previously offered injectable pens. Although this initiative was initially well-received, it soon faced backlash as observers pointed out a concurrent increase in the price of the existing pen format, prompting concerns about the company’s pricing tactics and their consequences for patients.

#### The Potential of Zepbound

Zepbound has proven to be revolutionary in combating obesity, an issue impacting millions globally. The injectable medication mimics the function of hormones that manage blood sugar and appetite, resulting in marked weight loss. Clinical studies indicated that patients given the maximum dose of 15 mg lost an average of 21% of their body weight over 17 months, while those receiving a 5 mg dose shed approximately 15% of their weight.

Until recently, Zepbound was exclusively available in injectable pens, priced at $1,060 for a month’s supply. The pens are offered in various dosages—2.5 mg, 5 mg, 7.5 mg, 10 mg, 12.5 mg, and 15 mg—allowing patients to gradually raise their dosage until reaching a maintenance level. Higher dosages correlate with more substantial weight loss, making the drug a highly desirable choice for individuals facing obesity challenges.

#### A Welcome Price Reduction

In an effort that appeared to alleviate the financial strain on patients, Eli Lilly revealed it would now supply Zepbound in vials, at a substantially lower cost. A month’s supply of the 2.5 mg vial is set at $399, while the 5 mg vial is priced at $549. This marks a considerable decrease from the $1,060 cost for the pen form, enhancing accessibility for a wider array of patients, particularly those lacking insurance.

“This new option enables millions of adults with obesity to access the necessary medication,” Lilly asserted in its announcement. The company also received commendations from James Zervos, Chief Operating Officer of the nonprofit Obesity Action Coalition, who praised Lilly for advancing equitable care.

Even President Joe Biden took to social media to recognize the price cut, voicing his approval while calling on pharmaceutical firms to reduce prices “across the board.”

#### The Controversy: An Increase for the Pens

Nevertheless, the initial enthusiasm was short-lived. Concurrent with the launch of the lower-priced vials, Lilly discreetly raised the price of the Zepbound pens for patients whose insurance policies do not cover the medication. Previously, these individuals could utilize a “savings card” to buy a month’s supply of any dosage for $550. This cost has now escalated to $650, nearly a 20% increase.

This price lift has incited anger among critics, who contend that the company is taking advantage of its market position. Senator Bernie Sanders (I-Vt.), a longstanding critic of the pharmaceutical sector, swiftly condemned the decision. While he recognized that the vial prices represent a “modest step forward,” he noted that even with the reduction, the drug remains out of reach for many Americans. At $549 a month, the expense is comparable to the average monthly payment for a used car, which was $523 in the first quarter of this year, per Experian.

“Moreover, Eli Lilly continues to refuse to lower the exorbitant price of Mounjaro that Americans battling diabetes urgently require,” Sanders remarked, referring to another of the company’s medications. “There is no logical explanation, other than greed, for why Mounjaro should cost $1,069 a month in the U.S. when it is only $485 in the U.K. and $94 in Japan.”

#### The Wider Consequences

The controversies surrounding Zepbound’s pricing form part of a larger conversation regarding healthcare costs in the U.S. In May, a Senate committee report cautioned that the steep prices and high demand for weight-loss and diabetes treatments like Zepbound could potentially “bankrupt our entire health care system.” This report, generated by the Senate’s Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions (HELP) committee, chaired by Sanders, underscored the pressing need for pricing reforms within the pharmaceutical industry.

Eli Lilly’s choice to lower the price of Zepbound vials while hiking the cost of the pens raises significant inquiries about the company’s intentions and the broader drug pricing dilemma in the United States. While the new vial format may increase access for some patients, the price rise for the pens could render it unaffordable for others.