causing the movement of ions to decelerate.
The updated design preserves low viscosity and ionic conductivity, even in severe cold conditions. Researchers have faced challenges in making lithium-metal batteries functional previously due to dendrites, which are elongated structures that can penetrate the barrier between electrodes and cause a short circuit in the battery. Dendrites develop during the charging phase, as lithium accumulates unevenly on the anode in a process known as plating. The new design ensures that the plating remains uniform, resulting in a reduced likelihood of dendrite formation.