Methane is widely recognized for its hazardous effects on humans and its contribution to climate change. Nevertheless, in the depths of the ocean, there are organisms that depend on methane for their survival. Recently, researchers identified methane-powered spiders off the western coastline of the US.
As per a recent study, these spiders maintain a symbiotic connection with bacteria residing on their exoskeletons. The bacteria utilize methane, carbon, and oxygen, transforming them into sugars and fats that benefit the spiders. This finding underscores the ocean’s rich and captivating biodiversity. The newly discovered spider species, named *Sericosura*, depends on methane due to the unavailability of sunlight in deeper waters.
With 21% of the ocean losing access to sunlight, the deeper areas are too distant from the surface to receive light. Consequently, methane-based diets have evolved as a trait among deep-sea organisms. These spiders do not consume methane directly but rely on it to nourish the bacteria they ingest.
Methane is produced from marine organisms that perish and descend to the ocean floor, where they emit gases. These gases are assimilated by bacteria and other deep-sea organisms. This continuous cycle guarantees a steady supply of methane in the ocean depths.
Though these are the first identified methane-powered spiders, it is likely that others exist. Some tube worms and sponges also similarly derive their sustenance from methane.
