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Many individuals know that when accessing the internet, your internet service provider allocates an internet protocol (IP) address to your modem and network. This is your external or publicly visible IP. Your router also assigns internal IP addresses to all devices on your home network. IPs serve as identifiers that help manage and organize all devices connected to Wi-Fi, including smart home devices, TVs, smartphones, and laptops. This is how you can see which devices are connecting to your Wi-Fi: by checking the allocated IP addresses.
Even though external and internal IPs function differently, both types allow for static addresses (static IPs) or those managed by Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP). The primary distinction is that a static IP remains fixed or permanent, whereas a dynamic IP is assigned automatically and temporarily. DHCP is the typical default setting and is probably what your home router is currently set to use. Setting up a static IP within a local network can be done easily; however, acquiring one from your ISP can be more challenging. Often, static public IPs are designated for premium or business accounts.
Within your router’s admin settings, you can set static IP addresses for different devices. This ensures that when you power cycle a device or the router, the assigned address remains constant. This is particularly beneficial for a shared media server. A permanent IP simplifies connecting to the server over multiple sessions. You always know the correct address. As for determining the best option for your home network, it varies. Each type of IP comes with its own advantages and disadvantages.